Kazakhstan’s Agriculture after Two Decades of Independence

Kazakhstan is among the world’s ten leading grain exporters. The agricultural sector remains the major employer, and an important source of exports. During the 1990s farming provided a safety net for many families during the transitional recession. At the same time, state support for agriculture was termi-nated and amid a tortuous land reform program many farms became heavily indebted. With revenues from the oil boom the government has since 2002 provided substantial support, which has helped to revive farm output, but has also been inefficient in “picking winners.” This paper, published by the Elliot School of International Affairs of the George Washington University, reviews on these topics on Kazakhstan’s Agriculture after Two Decades of Independence.